Andrew Marr webchat – your questions answered on Brexit, the BBC and the Beatles

The writer and broadcaster weighed in on everything from driverless cars and the odds of Scottish independence to his controversial interview with Marine Le Pen
  
  

Andrew Marr at home in London – the presenter will take on your questions.
Andrew Marr at home in London. Photograph: Linda Nylind/The Guardian

And that's all …

Thanks to Marr for joining us, and thank you to everyone who posted questions.

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Thanks for all the questions – I hope I've managed to answer a fair range of the topics that you've raised. However angry you are with me, try us again one Sunday morning, and don't forget, The History of Modern Britain - post-Brexit edition! Goodbye, and good luck.

Shanvaus asks:

Do you believe that the UK would gain from a significant push towards placing more economic power in the hands of the regions post-Brexit? Would an economic treaty incorporating Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in the EU but linked politically to the UK work?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Yes. I think London is grossly overheated and other parts of the country under-resourced and supported. We will only be a happy nation when the north and West Midlands of England are properly buzzing again.

Prashant Kotak asks:

Do you have a view on why politicians globally are avoiding discussing the impact of large-scale automation, and the impeding automation-driven unemployment tsunami that is going to crash over all countries within a decade?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Ever since the Luddites, there have been predictions of mass unemployment caused by automation, and so far, overall, we have mostly found new ways to employ ourselves. But I think this may be about to change. I'm particularly concerned with the effect of driverless vehicles, on the million-plus people who currently drive for a living. For a lot of people, this has been the default employment, and it may be coming to an end quite soon. Automation needn't be a problem, so long as the huge profits it brings are usefully and widely distributed... so we are back to politics again.


Ian Batch asks:

How much do you think the financial crisis in 2008 is still shaping politics? Are Brexit and Donald Trump and the rise of populism due in large part to the economy not working for the many but the few? And do you draw parallels with the Great Depression and the rise of fascism?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

As I have argued in the new book, I think the 2008 crisis continues to reverberate very loudly everywhere except for a small group at the top. I think the combination of the financial elites disgracing themselves, and then the political elites doing likewise (MPs expenses; wars, various etc) by and large explains why the Brexit vote happened. That – and a completely unprecedented level of immigration, particularly into communities which already felt economically forgotten. I think populisms around the word - from Trump to Hungary, Italy's Five Star, to Le Pen – are connected with a failure of the system to deliver for enough people, as vast amounts of manufacturing were outsourced to the east. In general, capitalism works well in delivering new goods and services, but only when there are strong countervailing forces from government/politics to clear up the mess and mitigate its unfairnesses. That's been lacking. And that's why we are in a bit of state, though, at least on several days a week, I am not expecting world war three.

RidleyWalker asks:

Tell us about music. It’s obviously important to you, given that you bung it on to the end of a current affairs programme. How did that come about? Have you ever asked Jools Holland if you can present Later… if he’s off sick?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

I can't remember how it started. I always wanted the show to be a mixed, general, serious conversation, rather than an annexe or garden shed for political obsessives. The music allows moments of pleasantly understated surrealism which I much relish. There was a glorious early occasion when the entire political lineup were made to shake maracas and tambourines; and then there was the moment when Squeeze ambushed David Cameron. For myself, my tastes run to Nick Cave and Shostakovich - that kind of thing. Screaming violins and lurching arpeggios.

Who was the best Beatle?

heraclitus123 asks:

Paul or John – who was the best Beatle?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Lizum asks:

I’ve suffered a traumatic brain injury for which there is no treatment. After joining various Facebook groups, I’ve discovered a whole world of quacks offering dubious treatments for lots of money. For those without your financial resources, what advice would you give about seeking alternative treatments?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

First, don't give up on the state: every area in the country ought to have NHS physiotherapy to which you should be entitled. Second, find a local gym – I now go three times a week and it is central to my recovery. Third, get in touch with ARNI – Action on Rehabilitation for Neurological Injuries. This is a private charity which offers excellent physical support at a lower price that your average neuro-physiotherapist. Google it!


sharona31 asks:

What period of history would you have liked to live through and why?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

The late 18th century – the period of the Scottish Enlightenment, and the American and French revolutions, completely fascinates me. It was a period of enormous intellectual optimism when the old aristocratic world was visibly falling apart; it's also where our modern ideas about truth and progress really come from. The music wasn't bad, either.

The BBC is under siege – the country is divided

nellieknox asks:

Do you ever get the feeling that the Beeb & BBC News is under siege from all sides and, as a result is damned either way?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Yes I do! I think we are living through a period where the country is divided and unusually angry. It's happened before – during the late 70s, then the early years of the Thatcher government, then the Iraq war. But as we try to be a calm and factual voice, we are heavily buffeted: there are more and more people who simply feel it's an outrage that politicians they disagree with should be given airtime at all.

We have fairly clear rules about balance, party political balance - I can't do a series of shows that are biased towards one side or the other in terms of guests. I have to balance across the parties, and the Remain vs Leave position. We have to try to get some gender balance, and we make sure that the shows are not all white. We try to bring in voices from parts of Britain far outside London... when you put that together in the context of a weekly show it becomes very hard to cover all bases – and then remember you should be covering the main story of the day, and properly. It's a political Rubik's Cube every Friday afternoon!


Updated

David Smith asks:

I believe youhave interviewed only one French presidential candidate - Marine Le Pen - on your Sunday politics show. Why haven’t you interviewed the others? And why her on Remembrance Sunday? Have you made serious attempts to book the other candidates?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

We are desperate to interview other candidates – Fillon and Macron (who I have interviewed before) again. But so far our pleas are falling on deaf ears. We take who we can get. Because Marine le Pen has a chance of becoming the next French president, I thought it was right to interview her, and challenge her, for instance, about her views on French Muslims. I thought Le Pen was steely, and has left behind her father's more extreme verbiage... We've been criticised for putting the interview out on Remembrance Sunday. Given that many people fear she is a fascist, I can't think of a more appropriate time. But we certainly want all sides – it's an election which may put Brexit in the shade.

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Jo Whitehouse asks:

Why do you always patronise and denigrate left-wingers when they come on your show? I find it hard to watch your programme (or a lot of BBC news shows) any more as you seem to be siding not only with the Tories or the Labour right but also trying to uphold a system that stopped working for a lot of us long ago. As the BBC is paid for by licence holders and has the claim to be impartial, how do you defend denigrating those supporting Jeremy Corbyn’s rise so much? Do you not think the left (not New Labour) but actual leftwing ideas and policies, and those who support them, deserve to have those ideas and policies properly debated? I’m the lone parent of a disabled child. My impression of well-paid journalists like yourself is you’re alright jack, in a neo-lib, upper-middle-class bubble while the poor, the young, the disabled, the NHS, social housing and public services can go to hell. Why don’t you try listening to those offering an alternative instead of patronising and denigrating them when they come on your program? Since you’re supposed to be impartial and all that. I don’t think Corbyn has the necessary qualities to be Labour leader, but my god we need some of his policies, and I’m disgusted by how undermined he’s been by the BBC.

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

I don't patronise and denigrate - I hope I don't. I don't feel that I do. It's been a really rough time for the Labour left, and when a party is fighting amongst itself, that will be reflected, inevitably, in conversations with its leaders. But, for the record, I like Jeremy Corbyn, and much enjoy our encounters; and so far as I'm aware, he hasn't complained about any of them. I like his frankness, I like his ability to listen to a question and genuinely try to answer it.

Updated

Steve Reed asks:

Are there any grounds for optimism?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

Yes! We remain an essentially pluralistic, socially liberal, law-abiding and prosperous country. Our party political system may seem pretty skewed at the moment, but a sense of history reminds us that nothing is forever. I can remember very vividly the feeling during the Thatcher years that the Conservatives would be power for ever - and a very similar, deluded sense that "political history is over" during the Blair ascendency. When things go wrong in this country, we tend to find a way of kicking them out pretty hard and fast.

There are some really important economics and political thinkers around at the moment – such as Kate Raworth's "doughnut economics" – and I get the sense that a major period of new thinking and political creativity is coming, in terms of our approach to turbo-charged capitalism. I have no idea how this will break out in concrete political terms, but generally, when there are big new ideas and a sense of urgency around, they find a way.

Updated

Was Cameron right to call an EU referendum?

Geoff Morven asks:

Was David Cameron right to call EU referendum?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

In the new edition of my History of Modern Britain, I've written an extended essay on why I think the Brexit vote happened. In that, I said that I couldn't think of a clearer definition of political failure than for somebody to take the UK out of the EU, against his wishes and by mistake. That's an obvious shot, I guess. But I also think, looking hard at the state of the party, that Cameron would have faced a putsch against his leadership had he failed to include a referendum promise in the manifesto. So was this merely trying to save his own skin, or a matter of party management? The trouble with that is, a very large section of the British public also wanted to get out of the EU, and had felt frustrated for many years: the Tory Brexiteers, as we now know, were representing more than themselves.

Updated

CordTrousers asks:

Do you think politicians enjoy the music performances at the end of your show, or are they generally more keen to get off?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

They pretend to enjoy them.

Updated

'Scottish independence is getting likelier all the time'

Bluekahuna asks:

Where do you stand on the probability of Scottish independence?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

I think it is getting likelier all the time. The Brexit vote certainly changed things dramatically. The biggest problem for the SNP, however, is the requirement for much more austerity and/or higher taxes in order for an independent Scotland to be able to join the EU on the basis of its growth and stability pact. The maximum permitted deficit for a new entrant is 3%, and Scotland currently runs at around 9%. Then there are issues about the border and currency, so nothing here is a done deal. But I'm very aware there are plenty of people in Scotland who find the prospect of seemingly endless Tory rule in London intolerable, and is worth almost any risk to avoid.

Updated

Rico Badger asks:

It is clear that the entire fourth estate has let the country down very badly by failing to call the lies of the Brexiteers to account (£350M per week for the NHS etc). What are you doing to address your part in this failure?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

During the referendum, both sides said some pretty incredible things - note, so far, rarely "lies", but implausible-sounding predictions about events we haven't yet lived through. So, when it comes to that very cheering extra money for the NHS once we leave the EU, we all noted what was said, and haven't forgotten it. Similarly, we have noticed that the ferocious austerity-max "emergency punishment budget" predicted by the remainers didn't turn out to be necessary after the vote. All I can say now is that I have a long memory. Take, some of the "lies" - a lot of this is simply premature. For instance, we were told EU immigration would come down. We were told we could do great new trade deals around the world. We can't tell whether either of those things are true or false until we have left.

Updated

oneofthe51 asks:

Are you aware that some viewers consider that you find it hard to be even-handed in your interviewing and reserve your more aggressive interviewing techniques for those on the left of the political spectrum? As a result, many – myself included – have stopped viewing The Andrew Marr Show.

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

All I can say is that I am not party political biased. Of course, I have plenty of strong and private views of my own. But my circle of friends touches at least as many people on the left as on the right. It's no secret that I came from the left and there is always a danger of overcompensating, of course - but as it happens, the most aggressive interviews I have done over the past few years have been with Boris Johnson, Michael Gove and one Theresa May (on immigration, when she was home secretary). As you all know, this timeline of questions, like all others, includes attacks on the BBC for being liberal-left propagandists, as well as right wing stooges.

Sometimes, I confess, we struggle to maintain a proper perspective. In the hottest vortex of the Iraq war, in the context of broadcasting live every day, there were certainly things I put badly and wish I hadn't said quite that way: about Blair being a bigger man. That was a live broadcast, immediately after Baghdad had fallen with a relatively little loss of life - like many, I had expected a military bloodbath, and had predicted this. So I was perhaps overreacting to my earlier overreaction.

Updated

FCB333 asks:
You have emphasised how intrinsic painting and art are to your sense of well-being. I wondered whether you have always felt a natural inclination to paint, since a young age, or whether there was a particular point in your life at which you tried it and discovered the liberating effect it has on you?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

I have painted or drawn all my life, but I've only taken it seriously since my stroke – there was a sense that time was now short and that it was the most important thing I could spend any spare time doing. It has completely changed the way I think about life. Basically, I think there are two things that are true about our lives that painting relates to - one, that they are very brief, life is very short. And that life is very beautiful. And the more we focus on the truth of those two things, then by and large, the happier we will be. Painting is about those two things: brevity and beauty.

Updated

StinkNormal asks:

In February 1996, you interviewed Noam Chomsky on the BBC’s The Big Idea and asked him to explain his “Propaganda Model” and how it pertains to the mainstream media. Unwittingly, you provided a perfect illustration of the model by demonstrating your unfamiliarity with the FBI’s COINTELPRO program.

One of the most illuminating exchanges during the interview was the following:

Marr: “How can you know I’m self-censoring?”

Chomsky: “I’m not saying you’re self-censoring. I’m sure you believe everything you say. But what I’m saying is if you believed something different you wouldn’t be sitting where you’re sitting.”

At this point in the interview, your reaction suggested that the proverbial penny had dropped for you regarding your role as, with respect, a cog in the well-oiled propaganda machine.

So I’m curious to know whether this exchange with Chomsky was an epiphany for you regarding your own journalism? And is there any difference in your philosophy of journalism pre-Chomsky interview and post-Chomsky interview?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

I remember this interview very well. I was – quite rightly – nervous of Chomsky, who is a formidable intellect. When he suggested that "if you believed something different, you wouldn't be sitting where you're sitting", I immediately realised that this was not so much brilliant, as unanswerable. He comes quite close to the position that the propaganda model means "everybody who disagrees with me". And the conversation was taking place in the context of me expressing disbelief, in his view, that all mainstream journalists were essentially the same - I had said that it seemed to me the Guardian and the Telegraph posed very different world views. And that journalists varied hugely in their own politics and temperament. He is brilliant, but he is a brilliant conspiracist, so therefore no, it wasn't a matter of the proverbial penny dropping, still less an epiphany.

Updated

jjal44 asks:

One of my friends, a remarkable man who speaks eight languages, had a major stroke last year at the age of 51. While he made initial progress, he is finding it very hard to adjust to a different life. Do you have any advice for close friends [of people who have had strokes] who would like to support and help?

User avatar for Andrew Marr Guardian contributor

The single most important thing about recovering from a stroke, is realising that you can't do many of the things you used to be able to do; and therefore replacing them with new things you can do and still enjoy. It's all about not dwelling on your disabilities, but on your abilities. For instance, I can't run, I can't cycle, I can't swim, I can't ski and I can't paint outside. And so now what I do is paint in the studio, go to the gym, I do physio, and I'm learning to enjoy long, albeit rather slow, walks. Give him all my best.

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Andrew Marr is in the building …

Post your questions for Andrew Marr

With his agenda-setting political talk show, as well as intelligent yet accessible TV series on everything from the Queen to urban expansion, Andrew Marr is one of the most enduring voices in British media and broadcasting.

After stints as a journalist with the Scotsman, the Economist and the Independent, Marr had a rocky couple of years as editor of the latter title before becoming the BBC’s political editor. As well as his TV presenting since passing the post to Nick Robinson in 2005, he has also written various books, including thriller novels, a British poetry anthology, and the ambitious A History of the World. He almost died after a stroke in 2013, though recovered and, typically, turned his experiences into a TV documentary.

With his book The History of Modern Britain rereleased with new material covering the years from Blair to Brexit, he joins us to answer your questions on anything in his career, in a live webchat from 1pm on Wednesday 12 April. Post them in the comments below, and he’ll take on as many as possible.

 

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